ЭТИМОЛОГИЯ РУССКИХ ЧИСЛИТЕЛЬНЫХ

Аннотация

The article examines the etymological features of Russian numerals from the perspective of their historical–linguistic and cognitive development. The main focus is on the origins of the numerals from one to ten, their Proto-Slavic and Proto-Indo-European roots, as well as the word-formation characteristics of compound and ordinal forms. Based on a comparative-historical analysis, the study identifies both common and specific features of the Russian numerical system in comparison with other Indo-European and Turkic languages, particularly Uzbek. It is noted that numerals represent one of the most stable and conservative layers of vocabulary, preserving the oldest elements of the proto-language system. The etymology of numerals reveals not only the evolution of the language but also the cognitive processes of ancient humans, which shaped the foundations of the decimal counting system. The research demonstrates the interrelation between linguistic forms, the history of human thought, and cultural tradition, reflected in the symbolism of numbers and their use in folklore