ПРОБЛЕМЫ ТРАДИЦИОННЫХ И СОВРЕМЕННЫХ ПОДХОДОВ В НЕМЕЦКОМ ПЕРЕВОДОВЕДЕНИИ

Аннотация

This article examines the major traditional and modern theoretical approaches within German Translation Studies. The traditional school, starting with Schleiermacher’s philosophical views and later focusing on linguistic equivalence (e.g., Reiss’s text typology), centered on fidelity to the source text (ST). The modern era is marked by the Functionalist Turn, prominently the Skopos Theory (Reiss and Vermeer), which radically redefines translation as a purposeful, target-culture-oriented action. The Skopos Theory argues that the translation strategy must be determined by its specific goal and function, prioritizing communicative adequacy over formal equivalence. The paper concludes that contemporary German translatology blends these approaches, offering a flexible methodology for professional translation practice.