The THEORIES AND APPROACHES TO TEACHING LISTENING SKILLS IN LANGUAGE LEARNING

Abstract

This research explores the critical role of listening in language learning, highlighting its significance as a foundational skill for second language acquisition. It provides a comprehensive analysis of different types of listening, including discriminative, comprehensive, critical, and appreciative listening, while also examining cognitive processing models such as bottom-up, top-down, and interactive approaches. The study reviews key theories from scholars like Vandergrift, Goh, Rost, and Richards, emphasizing the active and strategic nature of listening. Additionally, recent research on podcastbased instruction, AI-driven tools, and explicit listening strategy teaching is examined. The paper underscores the need for structured listening instruction and technological integration to enhance learner engagement and comprehension. Future research directions include data-driven methodologies and innovative tools to further develop listening proficiency in language education.