THE CARRIER FORCE OF TURKISH MODERNIZATION: HALK THEATER

Abstract

This article explores the significant role of folk theatre in Turkey’s modernization process and its contribution to cultural transformation. From the Ottoman era to the Republican period, traditional theatre forms such as Karagöz, Hacivat, meddah, and orta oyunu functioned as tools for public education, social criticism, and the dissemination of modern values. Drawing on legends and historical records about Karagöz and Hacivat, the authors emphasize that shadow play originated in Eastern societies, was introduced to the Ottoman Empire, and gained a unique national character through the creative efforts of the Turkish people.