SHADOW GAMES IN TURKISH ANLATI TRADITION: KARAGÖZ

Abstract

This article thoroughly examines shadow plays, which hold a significant place in Turkish narrative tradition, focusing particularly on Karagöz. It explores the origins and historical development of the play within the Ottoman Empire, its structural features consisting of four sections (prologue, dialogue, main act, conclusion), and a rich cast of characters reflecting the cosmopolitan nature of Ottoman society. The performance aspects of Karagöz are highlighted — including the versatile skills of the puppeteer (Hayalî), figure-making techniques, the aesthetic and symbolic importance of the screen and lighting, and the indispensable role of music. The article analyzes the humor, potential for social criticism, and cultural reflections found in the plays. By comparing Karagöz with other Turkish narrative forms such as Ortaoyunu and Meddahlık, the article defines its unique position. In conclusion, it emphasizes that Karagöz is not merely entertainment but a dynamic cultural mirror, an essential part of social memory, whose universal value is confirmed by its inclusion in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List.