NOVERBAL VOSITALARNING YUZAGA KELISHI VA LINGVISTIK TIPOLOGIYASI

Abstract

The article provides a comprehensive overview of the linguistic typology of nonverbal means, their formation process, and their role in the communication system. Nonverbal means of communication have existed since ancient times in the history of human development, and they have developed in close connection with oral speech. Means such as gestures, facial expressions, body movements, pauses, and intonation are outside the language units, but they carry semantic, pragmatic, and psychological significance in the communication process. From the views of the ancient Roman orators Cicero and Quintilian, to Darwin's studies of emotional expressions in the 19th century, to the theories developed by Birdwhistell and Hall in the 20th century, as well as the research of modern psychologists and linguists, the theoretical and practical aspects of this field have been widely covered. Nonverbal means are studied not only as a linguistic phenomenon, but also as a cultural, sociological, and biological phenomenon. They play a key role in building trust in interpersonal communication, establishing emotional contact, and effectively conveying information. The research analyzed the universal and national-cultural characteristics of nonverbal means, their interpretation in different contexts and their integration with language. In particular, Wundt's views on sound language and sign language, as well as the connection between body movements and human character put forward by Delsarte, deserve special attention. The article aims to deeply reveal the linguistic, psychological and sociocultural aspects of nonverbal means.